How to Adjust Lofstrand (Forearm) Crutches to Fit Properly
Lofstrand (forearm) crutches, also known as elbow or Canadian crutches, offer excellent stability and comfort for people who rely on them for daily mobility. But to get those benefits, the crutches must be adjusted correctly. When Lofstrand crutches are well fitted, they support your posture, reduce strain on your wrists and shoulders, and make walking safer and more efficient.
Why Proper Adjustment Matters
Lofstrand crutches have two main adjustable parts: the overall shaft length and the forearm cuff position. If either is off, you may experience:
Wrist, forearm, or shoulder strain from awkward angles.
Poor posture, such as leaning too far forward or hiking your shoulders.
Reduced stability and increased risk of falls.
A properly fitted pair allows your weight to be supported through your hands, with the forearm cuffs providing control and guidance, not carrying your body weight.
Step 1: Set the Overall Crutch Length
Most Lofstrand crutches have a push‑pin height adjustment on the lower shaft. Follow these steps while wearing the shoes you plan to use with the crutches.
Stand tall and relaxed
Stand on a flat surface with your shoes on.
Keep your shoulders relaxed and your arms at your sides.
Check the handgrip height
With your arm hanging straight down, the handgrip should be level with the crease of your wrist.
When you hold the grip, your elbow should bend about 15–30 degrees.
Adjust the shaft length
Press the height‑adjustment button on the lower shaft and slide the section up or down.
Align the button with the nearest hole and release it so it clicks fully into place.
Repeat for the second crutch to ensure both are the same height.
Step 2: Adjust the Forearm Cuffs
The forearm cuffs are what make Lofstrand crutches unique. They wrap around your forearm and help control the crutch, but they must be positioned correctly.
Position the cuff vertically
The cuff should sit about 1–2 inches (or roughly three finger widths) below the bend of your elbow.
This keeps the cuff out of the sensitive elbow crease while still giving good support.
Set the cuff tightness
The cuff should be snug but not tight, allowing your arm to move freely without slipping out.
You should be able to bend your elbow comfortably and lift or maneuver the crutch without the cuff digging into your arm.
Check for comfort and control
Put your forearm into the cuff and hold the handgrip as if you were walking.
You should feel secure and in control, with weight going through your hand, not resting heavily on the cuff.
Step 3: Fine‑Tune and Test
Once the length and cuffs are set, take a few steps to check how the crutches feel.
Your elbows should stay slightly bent and your shoulders relaxed.
You should be able to walk naturally without overreaching, stumbling, or feeling unstable.
The rubber tips should glide smoothly without catching on cracks or uneven surfaces; replace worn tips as needed.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Leaning too much on the cuffs
The cuffs are for control, not weight‑bearing. Excessive pressure on the forearm can cause fatigue and discomfort.Ignoring shoe changes
Switching between sneakers, flats, or sandals changes your effective height, so re‑check the fit if you change footwear.Using different lengths on each crutch
Uneven lengths can throw off your balance and strain one side of your body. Always ensure both crutches are adjusted to the same height.
When to Re‑Check the Fit
You should re‑check the Lofstrand crutch fit if:
The user feels wrist, forearm, shoulder, or back pain while using the crutches.
They feel the crutches are too long, too short, or unstable when walking.
Their weight‑bearing status or strength changes, which can change how the crutches feel.
Safety Reminder
Properly adjusted Lofstrand crutches are safer and more comfortable, but they still require good technique and supervision, especially at first. Many clinicians recommend a brief fitting or gait check with a physical therapist or mobility specialist to ensure both the shaft length and cuff position are correct for the individual.
